【C语言基础】C语言的static究竟限制了谁？
【C语言基础】C语言的static究竟限制了谁？这是一个有趣的话题，虽然说教科书给了你一些说法，但你真正能把static说清楚吗？本文将通过一个案例，给大家做一个深度的拆解分析。 注：在本文的讨论中，无明确说明时，指的都是static修饰函数，而非变量。1 问题来源最近的几个月一直在维护我的个人专属【嵌入式技术交流群】，平时大家都很积极在群里讨论技术问题。就在上个星期，在群里收到一个有关static的讨论，我个人觉得挺有意思的，于是打算将其整理成文，希望能够帮助大家更好地理解和应用static这个关键字。群里的原问题如下：大佬们，问一个比较低智问题，static修饰的变量不是只能被当前文件所调用吗？为什么这里在其他.c文件可以调用get_board_led_opr这个函数获取board_demo_led_opr这个变量的值。2 关于上述问题的答疑这个问题群里也给出了一些参考答案，而我一开始的回答，并没有直接回答答案，而是随手提出了3个问题：问自己几个问题：1.get函数返回什么地址(各种地址)语法上有约束条款吗？2.static修饰的全局变量存放在哪里？它的地址是什么样的？3.c语言里面要想访问任意一个地址，从语法层面上，能阻止得了吗？提问者的回答：（1）get_board_led_opr函数返回的是一个自定义的结构体get_board_led_opr。但是get_board_led_opr这个结构体被static修饰了。（2）get_board_led_opr结构体放在了board_demo.c中，而调用get_board_led_opr函数是在leddrv.c中。（3）我询问了另外一个群里面的大佬，他们说，static仅仅在编译期间有用。在运行状态是无效果的。也就是说，虽然leddrv.c无法直接使用get_board_led_opr这个结构体。但是可以利用get_board_led_opr函数，间接的获取get_board_led_opr这个结构体，因为get_board_led_opr函数和et_board_led_opr这个结构体在同一个.c文件中上述问题的点关键在于理解两个：[*]被static修饰之后，这个变量变成了什么？
[*]C语言的万能指针。
首先，被static修饰之后，意味着只有 当前的C语言C文件 可以直接 引用访问它，但是并不代表外部的模块（除当前C文件外的其他C文件）就不能访问它。直接访问肯定是不行的，但是 间接 的方式肯定是可以的。它的方法就是如上图的代码片段那样，将static变量的地址，以指针的形式传出去给其他模块即可。这里还要理解的一点是，被static修饰的变量是存放在全局的数据区，它的有效生存空间是整一个C工程运行时间内都是有效的。所以你通过指针去访问它，就变成了可能；这也是我们学习指针时，提到的 间接访问 的最真实体验。
3 教科书里的static乘此机会，我们来复习一下C语言教科书，对于static关键字，它们是怎么描述的？由于手头标准的教科书，已很难找了，索性问一下ChatGPT，看看它的总结：
在C语言中，static关键字有两种主要的用法：静态变量和静态函数。1. 静态变量：静态变量是在程序运行期间一直存在的变量，其生命周期从声明处到程序结束。静态变量被存储在静态数据区，不会受到函数的调用和返回的影响，每次进入函数都会保留上一次的值。静态变量可以在函数内部或者全局作用域中声明。在函数内部声明的静态变量只能在该函数内部访问，而在全局作用域中声明的静态变量可以在整个文件中访问。静态变量的主要作用：- 维护变量的持久状态，保持值的连续性。- 限制变量的作用域，只能在函数内或者文件内访问。- 避免与同名的全局变量产生冲突。示例代码：void func(){static int count = 0; // 定义一个静态变量count++;printf(“Count: %d\n”, count);}int main(){func(); // 输出：Count: 1func(); // 输出：Count: 2func(); // 输出：Count: 3return 0;}2. 静态函数：静态函数是只能在当前源文件中使用的函数，其作用于只限于声明所在的文件，无法被其他文件调用。使用static关键字修饰函数，可以实现函数的隐藏和封装。因此，静态函数的主要作用是限制函数的作用域，防止其他文件访问该函数，避免命名冲突，并且提高代码的可读性和可维护性。示例代码：static void util_func(int value){printf(“Value: %d\n”, value);}int main(){util_func(10); // 可以在当前文件中调用util_func函数return 0;}总结：static关键字在C语言中的用法主要有静态变量和静态函数。静态变量用于维护变量的持久状态和限制作用域，静态函数用于限制函数的作用域和提高代码的可读性。基本从ChatGPT的总结，可以了解清楚static的使用；不过它上面未提及到的一点是：在static修饰的静态变量中，有两种情况，一种是修饰全局的变量，叫静态全局变量；另一种是修饰局部变量，叫静态局部变量（其实如果从作用周期的时间来看，它也是全局的）。ChatGPT中演示的静态局部变量，它的作用域就仅限于定义变量的这个函数内（准确说是，定义变量的大括号范围内）；一旦出了这个作用域，是没有办法访问到的。而静态全局变量，它的作用域又比静态局部变量更宽泛些，它可以允许定义静态全局变量的整个C文件内，都可以访问它；但是之外的，其他C文件是无法访问的。综上，static关键字，主要强调的是 静态的 这个含义，无非就是作用域的大小问题。
4 C语言的static究竟限制了谁？从编译原理和编译流程来拆解这个，问题的答案就很快就能出来。我们就以第3小节中，ChatGPT给出的示例代码为例，深度拆解一下这个static。在正式拆解之前，需要具备一些前置知识：C语言的编译流程。曾经，我写过一篇相关的文章，大家可以提前参考下，一文带你了解C代码到底是如何被编译的在这里，我不打算一一搬过来，仅仅把一张图贴过来参考：我们顺着这个思路来拆解跟踪一下代码里面的 static。
[*]编写C代码（C源代码里面的static）
1main.c
2#include <stdio.h>
3static int g_count = 0;
4void func()
5{
6 static int l_count = 0; // 定义一个静态局部变量
7 l_count++;
8 g_count++;
9 printf("l_count: %d, g_count: %d\n", l_count, g_count);
10}
11static void util_func(int value) //定义一个静态函数
12{
13 printf("Value: %d\n", value);
14}
15extern void test_func(void);
16int main()
17{
18 func();//输出：l_count:1
19 func();//输出：l_count:2
20 func();//输出：l_count:3
21 util_func(10);//可以在当前文件中调用util_func函数，输出：Value: 10
22 test_func(); // 调用test.c中的函数
23 return 0;
24}
1test.c
2// 假设它们都是可以访问的
3extern int l_count;
4extern int g_count;
5extern void util_func(int value);
6void test_func(void)
7{
8#if 0
9 l_count++;// 访问l_count静态局部变量，编译报错
10 g_count++;// 访问g_count静态全局变量，编译报错
11 util_func(100); // 调用main.c中的static函数，编译报错
12#endif
13}
当test_func中的if-0打开后，根据我们上面的理论分析，肯定是编译不过的，如下：1test_static$ gcc -o test *.c
2/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccawkyDR.o: in function `test_func':
3test.c:(.text+0xa): undefined reference to `l_count'
4/usr/bin/ld: test.c:(.text+0x13): undefined reference to `l_count'
5/usr/bin/ld: test.c:(.text+0x19): undefined reference to `g_count'
6/usr/bin/ld: test.c:(.text+0x22): undefined reference to `g_count'
7/usr/bin/ld: test.c:(.text+0x2c): undefined reference to `util_func'
8collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
像这种就是很明显的找不到变量或函数的实现体，从而出现找不到引用的 链接 错误。去掉这些引用后（if-0）打开，即可编译成功，且能够正常运行。1test_static$ gcc -o test *.c
2test_static$ ./test
3l_count: 1, g_count: 1
4l_count: 2, g_count: 2
5l_count: 3, g_count: 3
6Value: 10
[*]分步拆解1：先看预处理后static的情况
使用的命令下：gcc -c -o main.o main.c -save-temps=obj这时候我们可以看到 main.i main.s main.o 这几个文件。先看main.i 的内容： 1忽略前面对头文件内容的搬运
2# 873 "/usr/include/stdio.h" 3 4
3# 2 "main.c" 2
4# 3 "main.c"
5static int g_count = 0;
6void func()
7{
8 static int l_count = 0;
9 l_count++;
10 g_count++;
11 printf("l_count: %d, g_count: %d\n", l_count, g_count);
12}
13static void util_func(int value)
14{
15 printf("Value: %d\n", value);
16}
17extern void test_func(void);
18int main()
19{
20 func();
21 func();
22 func();
23 util_func(10);
24 test_func();
25 return 0;
从上基本可以看到，static还是在的，并且整一个预处理后的代码，基本保留了源代码的样子（原因是我们并没有使用类似宏定义的内容）。
[*]拆解第2步：看看汇编文件有没有static的影子
这时候我们要查看的是 main.s 文件：1test_static$ cat main.s
2 .file "main.c"
3 .text
4 .localg_count
5 .comm g_count,4,4
6 .section .rodata
7.LC0:
8 .string "l_count: %d, g_count: %d\n"
9 .text
10 .globlfunc
11 .type func, @function
12func:
13.LFB0:
14 .cfi_startproc
15 endbr64
16 pushq %rbp
17 .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
18 .cfi_offset 6, -16
19 movq %rsp, %rbp
20 .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
21 movl l_count.2316(%rip), %eax
22 addl $1, %eax
23 movl %eax, l_count.2316(%rip)
24 movl g_count(%rip), %eax
25 addl $1, %eax
26 movl %eax, g_count(%rip)
27 movl g_count(%rip), %edx
28 movl l_count.2316(%rip), %eax
29 movl %eax, %esi
30 leaq .LC0(%rip), %rdi
31 movl $0, %eax
32 call printf@PLT
33 nop
34 popq %rbp
35 .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
36 ret
37 .cfi_endproc
38.LFE0:
39 .size func, .-func
40 .section .rodata
41.LC1:
42 .string "Value: %d\n"
43 .text
44 .type util_func, @function
45util_func:
46.LFB1:
47 .cfi_startproc
48 endbr64
49 pushq %rbp
50 .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
51 .cfi_offset 6, -16
52 movq %rsp, %rbp
53 .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
54 subq $16, %rsp
55 movl %edi, -4(%rbp)
56 movl -4(%rbp), %eax
57 movl %eax, %esi
58 leaq .LC1(%rip), %rdi
59 movl $0, %eax
60 call printf@PLT
61 nop
62 leave
63 .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
64 ret
65 .cfi_endproc
66.LFE1:
67 .size util_func, .-util_func
68 .globlmain
69 .type main, @function
70main:
71.LFB2:
72 .cfi_startproc
73 endbr64
74 pushq %rbp
75 .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
76 .cfi_offset 6, -16
77 movq %rsp, %rbp
78 .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
79 movl $0, %eax
80 call func
81 movl $0, %eax
82 call func
83 movl $0, %eax
84 call func
85 movl $10, %edi
86 call util_func
87 call test_func@PLT
88 movl $0, %eax
89 popq %rbp
90 .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
91 ret
92 .cfi_endproc
93.LFE2:
94 .size main, .-main
95 .locall_count.2316
96 .comm l_count.2316,4,4
97 .ident"GCC: (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) 9.4.0"
98 .section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
99 .section .note.gnu.property,"a"
100 .align 8
101 .long 1f - 0f
102 .long 4f - 1f
103 .long 5
1040:
105 .string"GNU"
1061:
107 .align 8
108 .long 0xc0000002
109 .long 3f - 2f
1102:
111 .long 0x3
1123:
113 .align 8
1144:
初一打开，可能有种不太认识的感觉，没关系，我们先找到我们能认识的东西。先找到被static修饰过的内容（静态全局变量、静态局部变量、静态函数）。1）静态全局变量g_count：1 .file "main.c"
2 .text
3 .localg_count
4 .comm g_count,4,4
5 .section .rodata
2）静态局部变量l_count:1.LFE2:
2 .size main, .-main
3 .locall_count.2316
4 .comm l_count.2316,4,4
3）静态函数util_func: 1 .string "Value: %d\n"
2 .text
3 .type util_func, @function
4util_func:
5.LFB1:
6 .cfi_startproc
7 endbr64
8 pushq %rbp
9 .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
10 .cfi_offset 6, -16
11 movq %rsp, %rbp
12 .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
13 subq $16, %rsp
14 movl %edi, -4(%rbp)
15 movl -4(%rbp), %eax
16 movl %eax, %esi
17 leaq .LC1(%rip), %rdi
18 movl $0, %eax
19 call printf@PLT
20 nop
21 leave
22 .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
23 ret
24 .cfi_endproc
由于我们只是对main.c进行汇编，所以看不出全貌，但是能够确认的是，在汇编文件中，static已经消失了，换句话说，接下来就没static啥事情了，而是转为其他信息了。我们接着往下拆解。
[*]拆解第3步：obj文件里面确认没有static的要素吗？
我们看下main.o文件，由于它不是可读文件，所以得用其他指令分析下：1test_static$ readelf -a main.o
2ELF Header:
3Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
4Class: ELF64
5Data: 2's complement, little endian
6Version: 1 (current)
7OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
8ABI Version: 0
9Type: REL (Relocatable file)
10Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
11Version: 0x1
12Entry point address: 0x0
13Start of program headers: 0 (bytes into file)
14Start of section headers: 1520 (bytes into file)
15Flags: 0x0
16Size of this header: 64 (bytes)
17Size of program headers: 0 (bytes)
18Number of program headers: 0
19Size of section headers: 64 (bytes)
20Number of section headers: 14
21Section header string table index: 13
22Section Headers:
23 Name Type Address Offset
24 Size EntSize FlagsLinkInfoAlign
25[ 0] NULL 000000000000000000000000
26 00000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0
27[ 1] .text PROGBITS 000000000000000000000040
28 00000000000000ac0000000000000000AX 0 0 1
29[ 2] .rela.text RELA 0000000000000000000003e0
30 00000000000001500000000000000018 I 11 1 8
31[ 3] .data PROGBITS 0000000000000000000000ec
32 00000000000000000000000000000000WA 0 0 1
33[ 4] .bss NOBITS 0000000000000000000000ec
34 00000000000000080000000000000000WA 0 0 4
35[ 5] .rodata PROGBITS 0000000000000000000000ec
36 00000000000000250000000000000000 A 0 0 1
37[ 6] .comment PROGBITS 000000000000000000000111
38 000000000000002c0000000000000001MS 0 0 1
39[ 7] .note.GNU-stack PROGBITS 00000000000000000000013d
40 00000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 1
41[ 8] .note.gnu.propert NOTE 000000000000000000000140
42 00000000000000200000000000000000 A 0 0 8
43[ 9] .eh_frame PROGBITS 000000000000000000000160
44 00000000000000780000000000000000 A 0 0 8
45 .rela.eh_frame RELA 000000000000000000000530
46 00000000000000480000000000000018 I 11 9 8
47 .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000000001d8
48 00000000000001b00000000000000018 12 13 8
49 .strtab STRTAB 000000000000000000000388
50 00000000000000530000000000000000 0 0 1
51 .shstrtab STRTAB 000000000000000000000578
52 00000000000000740000000000000000 0 0 1
53Key to Flags:
54W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
55L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
56C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
57l (large), p (processor specific)
58There are no section groups in this file.
59There are no program headers in this file.
60There is no dynamic section in this file.
61Relocation section '.rela.text' at offset 0x3e0 contains 14 entries:
62Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
6300000000000a000400000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .bss + 0
64000000000013000400000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .bss + 0
65000000000019000400000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .bss - 4
66000000000022000400000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .bss - 4
67000000000028000400000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .bss - 4
6800000000002e000400000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .bss + 0
69000000000037000600000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .rodata - 4
70000000000041000f00000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 printf - 4
7100000000005f000600000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .rodata + 16
72000000000069000f00000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 printf - 4
7300000000007e000d00000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 func - 4
74000000000088000d00000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 func - 4
75000000000092000d00000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 func - 4
760000000000a1001100000004 R_X86_64_PLT32 0000000000000000 test_func - 4
77Relocation section '.rela.eh_frame' at offset 0x530 contains 3 entries:
78Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
79000000000020000200000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .text + 0
80000000000040000200000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .text + 48
81000000000060000200000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .text + 70
82The decoding of unwind sections for machine type Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 is not currently supported.
83Symbol table '.symtab' contains 18 entries:
84 Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
85 0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPELOCALDEFAULTUND
86 1: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCALDEFAULTABS main.c
87 2: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 1
88 3: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 3
89 4: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 4
90 5: 0000000000000000 4 OBJECTLOCALDEFAULT 4 g_count
91 6: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 5
92 7: 0000000000000004 4 OBJECTLOCALDEFAULT 4 l_count.2316
93 8: 0000000000000048 40 FUNC LOCALDEFAULT 1 util_func
94 9: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 7
95 10: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 8
96 11: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 9
97 12: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 6
98 13: 0000000000000000 72 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 1 func
99 14: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPEGLOBAL DEFAULTUND _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_
100 15: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPEGLOBAL DEFAULTUND printf
101 16: 0000000000000070 60 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 1 main
102 17: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPEGLOBAL DEFAULTUND test_func
103No version information found in this file.
104Displaying notes found in: .note.gnu.property
105Owner Data size Description
106GNU 0x00000010 NT_GNU_PROPERTY_TYPE_0
107 Properties: x86 feature: IBT, SHSTK
108recan@ubuntu:~/win_share_workspace/test_share/test_static$
从上面可以看到，g_count、l_count、util_func 都被 LOCAL 修饰了,而非 GLOBAL 的：1 5: 0000000000000000 4 OBJECTLOCALDEFAULT 4 g_count
2 6: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCALDEFAULT 5
3 7: 0000000000000004 4 OBJECTLOCALDEFAULT 4 l_count.2316
4 8: 0000000000000048 40 FUNC LOCALDEFAULT 1 util_func
究竟这两者修饰有啥区别，会产生什么影响呢？我们接着往下拆解。
[*]拆解第4步：链接后的可执行文件反汇编
前面也说到了，由于我们都只看到 main这个C文件相关 预处理、汇编、obj内容，而没有看到整个可执行文件的全貌。执行反汇编看看：1test_static$ objdump -l -d -x -s -S test
2test: file format elf64-x86-64
3test
4architecture: i386:x86-64, flags 0x00000150:
5HAS_SYMS, DYNAMIC, D_PAGED
6start address 0x0000000000001060
7Program Header:
8 PHDR off 0x0000000000000040 vaddr 0x0000000000000040 paddr 0x0000000000000040 align 2**3
9 filesz 0x00000000000002d8 memsz 0x00000000000002d8 flags r--
10INTERP off 0x0000000000000318 vaddr 0x0000000000000318 paddr 0x0000000000000318 align 2**0
11 filesz 0x000000000000001c memsz 0x000000000000001c flags r--
12 LOAD off 0x0000000000000000 vaddr 0x0000000000000000 paddr 0x0000000000000000 align 2**12
13 filesz 0x0000000000000600 memsz 0x0000000000000600 flags r--
14 LOAD off 0x0000000000001000 vaddr 0x0000000000001000 paddr 0x0000000000001000 align 2**12
15 filesz 0x0000000000000285 memsz 0x0000000000000285 flags r-x
16 LOAD off 0x0000000000002000 vaddr 0x0000000000002000 paddr 0x0000000000002000 align 2**12
17 filesz 0x00000000000001f0 memsz 0x00000000000001f0 flags r--
18 LOAD off 0x0000000000002db8 vaddr 0x0000000000003db8 paddr 0x0000000000003db8 align 2**12
19 filesz 0x0000000000000258 memsz 0x0000000000000268 flags rw-
20 DYNAMIC off 0x0000000000002dc8 vaddr 0x0000000000003dc8 paddr 0x0000000000003dc8 align 2**3
21 filesz 0x00000000000001f0 memsz 0x00000000000001f0 flags rw-
22 NOTE off 0x0000000000000338 vaddr 0x0000000000000338 paddr 0x0000000000000338 align 2**3
23 filesz 0x0000000000000020 memsz 0x0000000000000020 flags r--
24 NOTE off 0x0000000000000358 vaddr 0x0000000000000358 paddr 0x0000000000000358 align 2**2
25 filesz 0x0000000000000044 memsz 0x0000000000000044 flags r--
260x6474e553 off 0x0000000000000338 vaddr 0x0000000000000338 paddr 0x0000000000000338 align 2**3
27 filesz 0x0000000000000020 memsz 0x0000000000000020 flags r--
28EH_FRAME off 0x000000000000202c vaddr 0x000000000000202c paddr 0x000000000000202c align 2**2
29 filesz 0x000000000000005c memsz 0x000000000000005c flags r--
30 STACK off 0x0000000000000000 vaddr 0x0000000000000000 paddr 0x0000000000000000 align 2**4
31 filesz 0x0000000000000000 memsz 0x0000000000000000 flags rw-
32 RELRO off 0x0000000000002db8 vaddr 0x0000000000003db8 paddr 0x0000000000003db8 align 2**0
33 filesz 0x0000000000000248 memsz 0x0000000000000248 flags r--
34Dynamic Section:
35NEEDED libc.so.6
36INIT 0x0000000000001000
37FINI 0x0000000000001278
38INIT_ARRAY 0x0000000000003db8
39INIT_ARRAYSZ 0x0000000000000008
40FINI_ARRAY 0x0000000000003dc0
41FINI_ARRAYSZ 0x0000000000000008
42GNU_HASH 0x00000000000003a0
43STRTAB 0x0000000000000470
44SYMTAB 0x00000000000003c8
45STRSZ 0x0000000000000084
46SYMENT 0x0000000000000018
47DEBUG 0x0000000000000000
48PLTGOT 0x0000000000003fb8
49PLTRELSZ 0x0000000000000018
50PLTREL 0x0000000000000007
51JMPREL 0x00000000000005e8
52RELA 0x0000000000000528
53RELASZ 0x00000000000000c0
54RELAENT 0x0000000000000018
55FLAGS 0x0000000000000008
56FLAGS_1 0x0000000008000001
57VERNEED 0x0000000000000508
58VERNEEDNUM 0x0000000000000001
59VERSYM 0x00000000000004f4
60RELACOUNT 0x0000000000000003
61Version References:
62required from libc.so.6:
63 0x09691a75 0x00 02 GLIBC_2.2.5
64Sections:
65Idx Name Size VMA LMA File offAlgn
660 .interp 0000001c00000000000003180000000000000318000003182**0
67 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
681 .note.gnu.property 0000002000000000000003380000000000000338000003382**3
69 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
702 .note.gnu.build-id 0000002400000000000003580000000000000358000003582**2
71 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
723 .note.ABI-tag 00000020000000000000037c000000000000037c0000037c2**2
73 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
744 .gnu.hash 0000002400000000000003a000000000000003a0000003a02**3
75 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
765 .dynsym 000000a800000000000003c800000000000003c8000003c82**3
77 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
786 .dynstr 0000008400000000000004700000000000000470000004702**0
79 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
807 .gnu.version0000000e00000000000004f400000000000004f4000004f42**1
81 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
828 .gnu.version_r 0000002000000000000005080000000000000508000005082**3
83 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
849 .rela.dyn 000000c000000000000005280000000000000528000005282**3
85 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
86 10 .rela.plt 0000001800000000000005e800000000000005e8000005e82**3
87 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
88 11 .init 0000001b00000000000010000000000000001000000010002**2
89 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
90 12 .plt 0000002000000000000010200000000000001020000010202**4
91 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
92 13 .plt.got 0000001000000000000010400000000000001040000010402**4
93 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
94 14 .plt.sec 0000001000000000000010500000000000001050000010502**4
95 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
96 15 .text 0000021500000000000010600000000000001060000010602**4
97 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
98 16 .fini 0000000d00000000000012780000000000001278000012782**2
99 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
100 17 .rodata 0000002900000000000020000000000000002000000020002**2
101 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
102 18 .eh_frame_hdr 0000005c000000000000202c000000000000202c0000202c2**2
103 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
104 19 .eh_frame 0000016800000000000020880000000000002088000020882**3
105 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
106 20 .init_array 000000080000000000003db80000000000003db800002db82**3
107 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
108 21 .fini_array 000000080000000000003dc00000000000003dc000002dc02**3
109 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
110 22 .dynamic 000001f00000000000003dc80000000000003dc800002dc82**3
111 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
112 23 .got 000000480000000000003fb80000000000003fb800002fb82**3
113 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
114 24 .data 0000001000000000000040000000000000004000000030002**3
115 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
116 25 .bss 0000001000000000000040100000000000004010000030102**2
117 ALLOC
118 26 .comment 0000002b00000000000000000000000000000000000030102**0
119 CONTENTS, READONLY
120SYMBOL TABLE:
1210000000000000318 l d.interp 0000000000000000 .interp
1220000000000000338 l d.note.gnu.property 0000000000000000 .note.gnu.property
1230000000000000358 l d.note.gnu.build-id 0000000000000000 .note.gnu.build-id
124000000000000037c l d.note.ABI-tag0000000000000000 .note.ABI-tag
12500000000000003a0 l d.gnu.hash 0000000000000000 .gnu.hash
12600000000000003c8 l d.dynsym 0000000000000000 .dynsym
1270000000000000470 l d.dynstr 0000000000000000 .dynstr
12800000000000004f4 l d.gnu.version 0000000000000000 .gnu.version
1290000000000000508 l d.gnu.version_r 0000000000000000 .gnu.version_r
1300000000000000528 l d.rela.dyn 0000000000000000 .rela.dyn
13100000000000005e8 l d.rela.plt 0000000000000000 .rela.plt
1320000000000001000 l d.init0000000000000000 .init
1330000000000001020 l d.plt 0000000000000000 .plt
1340000000000001040 l d.plt.got 0000000000000000 .plt.got
1350000000000001050 l d.plt.sec 0000000000000000 .plt.sec
1360000000000001060 l d.text0000000000000000 .text
1370000000000001278 l d.fini0000000000000000 .fini
1380000000000002000 l d.rodata 0000000000000000 .rodata
139000000000000202c l d.eh_frame_hdr0000000000000000 .eh_frame_hdr
1400000000000002088 l d.eh_frame 0000000000000000 .eh_frame
1410000000000003db8 l d.init_array 0000000000000000 .init_array
1420000000000003dc0 l d.fini_array 0000000000000000 .fini_array
1430000000000003dc8 l d.dynamic 0000000000000000 .dynamic
1440000000000003fb8 l d.got 0000000000000000 .got
1450000000000004000 l d.data0000000000000000 .data
1460000000000004010 l d.bss 0000000000000000 .bss
1470000000000000000 l d.comment 0000000000000000 .comment
1480000000000000000 l df *ABS*0000000000000000 crtstuff.c
1490000000000001090 l F .text0000000000000000 deregister_tm_clones
15000000000000010c0 l F .text0000000000000000 register_tm_clones
1510000000000001100 l F .text0000000000000000 __do_global_dtors_aux
1520000000000004010 l O .bss 0000000000000001 completed.8061
1530000000000003dc0 l O .fini_array 0000000000000000 __do_global_dtors_aux_fini_array_entry
1540000000000001140 l F .text0000000000000000 frame_dummy
1550000000000003db8 l O .init_array 0000000000000000 __frame_dummy_init_array_entry
1560000000000000000 l df *ABS*0000000000000000 main.c
1570000000000004014 l O .bss 0000000000000004 g_count
1580000000000004018 l O .bss 0000000000000004 l_count.2316
1590000000000001191 l F .text0000000000000028 util_func
1600000000000000000 l df *ABS*0000000000000000 test.c
1610000000000000000 l df *ABS*0000000000000000 crtstuff.c
16200000000000021ec l O .eh_frame 0000000000000000 __FRAME_END__
1630000000000000000 l df *ABS*0000000000000000
1640000000000003dc0 l .init_array 0000000000000000 __init_array_end
1650000000000003dc8 l O .dynamic 0000000000000000 _DYNAMIC
1660000000000003db8 l .init_array 0000000000000000 __init_array_start
167000000000000202c l .eh_frame_hdr0000000000000000 __GNU_EH_FRAME_HDR
1680000000000003fb8 l O .got 0000000000000000 _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_
1690000000000001000 l F .init0000000000000000 _init
1700000000000001270 g F .text0000000000000005 __libc_csu_fini
1710000000000000000w *UND*0000000000000000 _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable
1720000000000004000w .data0000000000000000 data_start
1730000000000004010 g .data0000000000000000 _edata
1740000000000001278 g F .fini0000000000000000 .hidden _fini
1750000000000000000 F *UND*0000000000000000 printf@@GLIBC_2.2.5
17600000000000011f5 g F .text000000000000000b test_func
1770000000000000000 F *UND*0000000000000000 __libc_start_main@@GLIBC_2.2.5
1780000000000004000 g .data0000000000000000 __data_start
1790000000000000000w *UND*0000000000000000 __gmon_start__
1800000000000004008 g O .data0000000000000000 .hidden __dso_handle
1810000000000002000 g O .rodata 0000000000000004 _IO_stdin_used
1820000000000001149 g F .text0000000000000048 func
1830000000000001200 g F .text0000000000000065 __libc_csu_init
1840000000000004020 g .bss 0000000000000000 _end
1850000000000001060 g F .text000000000000002f _start
1860000000000004010 g .bss 0000000000000000 __bss_start
18700000000000011b9 g F .text000000000000003c main
1880000000000004010 g O .data0000000000000000 .hidden __TMC_END__
1890000000000000000w *UND*0000000000000000 _ITM_registerTMCloneTable
1900000000000000000w F *UND*0000000000000000 __cxa_finalize@@GLIBC_2.2.5
191Contents of section .interp:
192 0318 2f6c6962 36342f6c 642d6c69 6e75782d/lib64/ld-linux-
193 0328 7838362d 36342e73 6f2e3200 x86-64.so.2.
194 省略了一些无关紧要的内容
195Contents of section .data:
196 4000 00000000 00000000 08400000 00000000.........@......
197Contents of section .comment:
198 0000 4743433a 20285562 756e7475 20392e34GCC: (Ubuntu 9.4
199 0010 2e302d31 7562756e 7475317e 32302e30.0-1ubuntu1~20.0
200 0020 342e3129 20392e34 2e3000 4.1) 9.4.0.
201Disassembly of section .init:
2020000000000001000 <_init>:
203_init():
204 1000: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
205 1004: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
206 1008: 48 8b 05 d9 2f 00 00 mov 0x2fd9(%rip),%rax # 3fe8 <__gmon_start__>
207 100f: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
208 1012: 74 02 je 1016 <_init+0x16>
209 1014: ff d0 callq*%rax
210 1016: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
211 101a: c3 retq
212Disassembly of section .plt:
2130000000000001020 <.plt>:
214 1020: ff 35 9a 2f 00 00 pushq0x2f9a(%rip) # 3fc0 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x8>
215 1026: f2 ff 25 9b 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f9b(%rip) # 3fc8 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x10>
216 102d: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
217 1030: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
218 1034: 68 00 00 00 00 pushq$0x0
219 1039: f2 e9 e1 ff ff ff bnd jmpq 1020 <.plt>
220 103f: 90 nop
221Disassembly of section .plt.got:
2220000000000001040 <__cxa_finalize@plt>:
223 1040: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
224 1044: f2 ff 25 ad 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2fad(%rip) # 3ff8 <__cxa_finalize@GLIBC_2.2.5>
225 104b: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
226Disassembly of section .plt.sec:
2270000000000001050 <printf@plt>:
228 1050: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
229 1054: f2 ff 25 75 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f75(%rip) # 3fd0 <printf@GLIBC_2.2.5>
230 105b: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
231Disassembly of section .text:
2320000000000001060 <_start>:
233_start():
234 1060: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
235 1064: 31 ed xor %ebp,%ebp
236 1066: 49 89 d1 mov %rdx,%r9
237 1069: 5e pop %rsi
238 106a: 48 89 e2 mov %rsp,%rdx
239 106d: 48 83 e4 f0 and $0xfffffffffffffff0,%rsp
240 1071: 50 push %rax
241 1072: 54 push %rsp
242 1073: 4c 8d 05 f6 01 00 00 lea 0x1f6(%rip),%r8 # 1270 <__libc_csu_fini>
243 107a: 48 8d 0d 7f 01 00 00 lea 0x17f(%rip),%rcx # 1200 <__libc_csu_init>
244 1081: 48 8d 3d 31 01 00 00 lea 0x131(%rip),%rdi # 11b9 <main>
245 1088: ff 15 52 2f 00 00 callq*0x2f52(%rip) # 3fe0 <__libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5>
246 108e: f4 hlt
247 108f: 90 nop
2480000000000001090 <deregister_tm_clones>:
249deregister_tm_clones():
250 1090: 48 8d 3d 79 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f79(%rip),%rdi # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
251 1097: 48 8d 05 72 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f72(%rip),%rax # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
252 109e: 48 39 f8 cmp %rdi,%rax
253 10a1: 74 15 je 10b8 <deregister_tm_clones+0x28>
254 10a3: 48 8b 05 2e 2f 00 00 mov 0x2f2e(%rip),%rax # 3fd8 <_ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable>
255 10aa: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
256 10ad: 74 09 je 10b8 <deregister_tm_clones+0x28>
257 10af: ff e0 jmpq *%rax
258 10b1: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
259 10b8: c3 retq
260 10b9: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
26100000000000010c0 <register_tm_clones>:
262register_tm_clones():
263 10c0: 48 8d 3d 49 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f49(%rip),%rdi # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
264 10c7: 48 8d 35 42 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f42(%rip),%rsi # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
265 10ce: 48 29 fe sub %rdi,%rsi
266 10d1: 48 89 f0 mov %rsi,%rax
267 10d4: 48 c1 ee 3f shr $0x3f,%rsi
268 10d8: 48 c1 f8 03 sar $0x3,%rax
269 10dc: 48 01 c6 add %rax,%rsi
270 10df: 48 d1 fe sar %rsi
271 10e2: 74 14 je 10f8 <register_tm_clones+0x38>
272 10e4: 48 8b 05 05 2f 00 00 mov 0x2f05(%rip),%rax # 3ff0 <_ITM_registerTMCloneTable>
273 10eb: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
274 10ee: 74 08 je 10f8 <register_tm_clones+0x38>
275 10f0: ff e0 jmpq *%rax
276 10f2: 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
277 10f8: c3 retq
278 10f9: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
2790000000000001100 <__do_global_dtors_aux>:
280__do_global_dtors_aux():
281 1100: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
282 1104: 80 3d 05 2f 00 00 00 cmpb $0x0,0x2f05(%rip) # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
283 110b: 75 2b jne 1138 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x38>
284 110d: 55 push %rbp
285 110e: 48 83 3d e2 2e 00 00 cmpq $0x0,0x2ee2(%rip) # 3ff8 <__cxa_finalize@GLIBC_2.2.5>
286 1115: 00
287 1116: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
288 1119: 74 0c je 1127 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x27>
289 111b: 48 8b 3d e6 2e 00 00 mov 0x2ee6(%rip),%rdi # 4008 <__dso_handle>
290 1122: e8 19 ff ff ff callq1040 <__cxa_finalize@plt>
291 1127: e8 64 ff ff ff callq1090 <deregister_tm_clones>
292 112c: c6 05 dd 2e 00 00 01 movb $0x1,0x2edd(%rip) # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
293 1133: 5d pop %rbp
294 1134: c3 retq
295 1135: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
296 1138: c3 retq
297 1139: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
2980000000000001140 <frame_dummy>:
299frame_dummy():
300 1140: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
301 1144: e9 77 ff ff ff jmpq 10c0 <register_tm_clones>
3020000000000001149 <func>:
303func():
304 1149: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
305 114d: 55 push %rbp
306 114e: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
307 1151: 8b 05 c1 2e 00 00 mov 0x2ec1(%rip),%eax # 4018 <l_count.2316>
308 1157: 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%eax
309 115a: 89 05 b8 2e 00 00 mov %eax,0x2eb8(%rip) # 4018 <l_count.2316>
310 1160: 8b 05 ae 2e 00 00 mov 0x2eae(%rip),%eax # 4014 <g_count>
311 1166: 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%eax
312 1169: 89 05 a5 2e 00 00 mov %eax,0x2ea5(%rip) # 4014 <g_count>
313 116f: 8b 15 9f 2e 00 00 mov 0x2e9f(%rip),%edx # 4014 <g_count>
314 1175: 8b 05 9d 2e 00 00 mov 0x2e9d(%rip),%eax # 4018 <l_count.2316>
315 117b: 89 c6 mov %eax,%esi
316 117d: 48 8d 3d 80 0e 00 00 lea 0xe80(%rip),%rdi # 2004 <_IO_stdin_used+0x4>
317 1184: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
318 1189: e8 c2 fe ff ff callq1050 <printf@plt>
319 118e: 90 nop
320 118f: 5d pop %rbp
321 1190: c3 retq
3220000000000001191 <util_func>:
323util_func():
324 1191: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
325 1195: 55 push %rbp
326 1196: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
327 1199: 48 83 ec 10 sub $0x10,%rsp
328 119d: 89 7d fc mov %edi,-0x4(%rbp)
329 11a0: 8b 45 fc mov -0x4(%rbp),%eax
330 11a3: 89 c6 mov %eax,%esi
331 11a5: 48 8d 3d 72 0e 00 00 lea 0xe72(%rip),%rdi # 201e <_IO_stdin_used+0x1e>
332 11ac: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
333 11b1: e8 9a fe ff ff callq1050 <printf@plt>
334 11b6: 90 nop
335 11b7: c9 leaveq
336 11b8: c3 retq
33700000000000011b9 <main>:
338main():
339 11b9: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
340 11bd: 55 push %rbp
341 11be: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
342 11c1: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
343 11c6: e8 7e ff ff ff callq1149 <func>
344 11cb: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
345 11d0: e8 74 ff ff ff callq1149 <func>
346 11d5: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
347 11da: e8 6a ff ff ff callq1149 <func>
348 11df: bf 0a 00 00 00 mov $0xa,%edi
349 11e4: e8 a8 ff ff ff callq1191 <util_func>
350 11e9: e8 07 00 00 00 callq11f5 <test_func>
351 11ee: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
352 11f3: 5d pop %rbp
353 11f4: c3 retq
35400000000000011f5 <test_func>:
355test_func():
356 11f5: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
357 11f9: 55 push %rbp
358 11fa: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
359 11fd: 90 nop
360 11fe: 5d pop %rbp
361 11ff: c3 retq
3620000000000001200 <__libc_csu_init>:
363__libc_csu_init():
364 1200: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
365 1204: 41 57 push %r15
366 1206: 4c 8d 3d ab 2b 00 00 lea 0x2bab(%rip),%r15 # 3db8 <__frame_dummy_init_array_entry>
367 120d: 41 56 push %r14
368 120f: 49 89 d6 mov %rdx,%r14
369 1212: 41 55 push %r13
370 1214: 49 89 f5 mov %rsi,%r13
371 1217: 41 54 push %r12
372 1219: 41 89 fc mov %edi,%r12d
373 121c: 55 push %rbp
374 121d: 48 8d 2d 9c 2b 00 00 lea 0x2b9c(%rip),%rbp # 3dc0 <__do_global_dtors_aux_fini_array_entry>
375 1224: 53 push %rbx
376 1225: 4c 29 fd sub %r15,%rbp
377 1228: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
378 122c: e8 cf fd ff ff callq1000 <_init>
379 1231: 48 c1 fd 03 sar $0x3,%rbp
380 1235: 74 1f je 1256 <__libc_csu_init+0x56>
381 1237: 31 db xor %ebx,%ebx
382 1239: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
383 1240: 4c 89 f2 mov %r14,%rdx
384 1243: 4c 89 ee mov %r13,%rsi
385 1246: 44 89 e7 mov %r12d,%edi
386 1249: 41 ff 14 df callq*(%r15,%rbx,8)
387 124d: 48 83 c3 01 add $0x1,%rbx
388 1251: 48 39 dd cmp %rbx,%rbp
389 1254: 75 ea jne 1240 <__libc_csu_init+0x40>
390 1256: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
391 125a: 5b pop %rbx
392 125b: 5d pop %rbp
393 125c: 41 5c pop %r12
394 125e: 41 5d pop %r13
395 1260: 41 5e pop %r14
396 1262: 41 5f pop %r15
397 1264: c3 retq
398 1265: 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 data16 nopw %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
399 126c: 00 00 00 00
4000000000000001270 <__libc_csu_fini>:
401__libc_csu_fini():
402 1270: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
403 1274: c3 retq
404Disassembly of section .fini:
4050000000000001278 <_fini>:
406_fini():
407 1278: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
408 127c: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
409 1280: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
410 1284: c3 retq
老规矩，看不懂全部不重要，找你能看得懂的。还是找到 l_count 、g_count、util_test 这几个来吧。看样子也没啥特殊的，所以问题的关键还在前一步：链接器那里。综上可知，static的修饰主要是给编译器做了提示，从而生成的obj文件中带了 local属性，这样就告诉链接器，不能扩大这些被local修饰过的内容的使用范围，从而达到了教科书上面说的那样static的作用效果。其实还有一个方法，就是你写一个带static和不带static的，比如都是全局变量的两个，通过反汇编来对比分析，这样也可以快速看出核心区别，就留给读者去探索吧。再留一个疑问：编译器、链接器 如何做到一个static修饰的局部变量，只能被定义的当前函数内访问的？这个问题，有点深入，也留给读者去探索吧。
5 一种绕开static限制的方法谈到绕开static的限制，其实本文第1小节的那个问题例子就是一个很好的思路和方法。要想绕开static的限制，无非就是：将被static修饰的函数转换为没有被static修饰的函数!或者将被static修饰的变量转换为没有被static修饰的变量！这个做法，还有一个行业名词叫：封装。在第1小节中，代码中演示的是将被static修饰的变量，通过传出其地址，以指针的形式导出给外部模块使用。下面的代码片段，将展示将被static修饰的函数，转换为没有被static修饰的函数，从而给外部模块使用。 1test_a.c
2static int test_func_in_a(int a)
3{
4 return a + 1;
5}
6int test_func_in_a_ex(int a)
7{
8 return test_func_in_a(a);
9}
10----------------------------
11test_b.c
12int test_func_in_b(void)
13{
14 int a = 1;
15 int b;
16 //call test_func_in_a function fail because of "static"
17 //b = test_func_in_a(a)
18 //call test_func_in_a_ex function ok without "static"
19 b = test_func_in_a_ex(a)
20 return b;
21}
示例代码很简单，仅仅就是在_test_a.c 中，编写一个不被static修饰的函数 test_func_in_a_ex，然后它去调用被static修饰的test_func_in_a函数，这样就轻松绕开了static的限制。你学会了吗？
6 拓展延伸：如何调用静态库里的被static修饰的函数？关于这个扩展延伸，其实我很早就起草了一篇博文想写这个内容来着，但是一直拖，一直拖，直到现在还没生产。索性就在本文做个牵引吧！个人认为，对于此问题，应该分为两个场景：静态库的代码，你有修改的权限；或者你能找到人来修改；比如，公司内部不同团队直接的公有库代码；静态库的代码，你完全没办法查看源码或修改源码；比如一些第三方的库。针对这两种不同的场景，可能采取的方式是不一样的，你觉得应该如何做最好呢？如果你也对此问题感兴趣，请关注我的后续的拆解博文。原文：https://club.rt-thread.org/ask/article/1b38085300b58f82.html作者：recan
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